What does weather-sealed actually mean?

On most listings, very little that can be checked. It is a description rather than a grade: unless a maker publishes an ingress protection code, there is no figure to compare two bodies on, and in this catalogue not one title publishes such a code.

The phrase is used across the shelf, and it is worth knowing exactly how much of it is checkable.

What a maker is saying

That the product has gasketing or seals intended to keep water and dust out, to a degree the maker does not quantify. Five titles in this catalogue use a waterproof adjective, two a dust-resistant one, and none publishes an ingress protection code.

What a code would add

Two digits, each against a defined test: one for solid particles, one for water. That is a figure two products can be compared on. Its absence here is not an oversight peculiar to these listings — it is how the photographic shelf is written, and naming the absence is the only honest way to report it.

The parts a maker does describe

The parts a maker does describe: whether a battery door is gasketed, whether the mount has a rubber ring, whether an accessory is sold as a rain cover. This catalogue’s rain covers are their own family, which is itself a statement about how much the sealing on the body is expected to do.

The practical reading

Treat the word as meaning light rain, briefly, with the lens cap on the bag rather than in a puddle, and treat anything more as unpublished. A cover costs less than a repair, and it is the only part of this question with a figure behind it: its own dimensions.